Popular |
Trade |
Scholarly |
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Authors-not always identified, frequently a journalist who may or may not have subject expertise |
Authors-not always identified, professional in the field or a journalist with subject expertise |
Authors-identified, credentials provided in publication but may not be in article |
General audience |
Professional audience -- practitioners |
Professional audience -- researchers, students, professionals |
Easy to read, emotionally appealing |
Easy to read, but includes professional language |
Very densely written, dry, unemotional |
Content – reports on research, news and events, reviews |
Content – reports on research, news and events, reviews |
Content – original research, book reviews, theories |
No list of sources (bibliography) |
No list of sources (bibliography), may include Suggested Reading |
Lengthy list of sources (Bibliography)**** |
No data or method--conclusions of research may be presented |
No data or method--conclusions of research may be presented |
If a research study, sections labeled: method, results, conclusion or discussion ******** |
Article titles are snappy and attention grabbing |
Article titles are short and focused |
Article titles are long and descriptive ****
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